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2.7 上机实训二——绘制基垫零件图
本例通过绘制如图2-61所示图形,在综合练习“直线”“捕捉自”“比例缩放”等功能的前提下,主要学习“极轴追踪”工具的操作方法和操作技巧。操作步骤如下。
Step 01 单击“快速访问”工具栏→“新建”按钮,创建公制单位的空白文件。
Step 02 使用快捷键Z启用视窗的缩放功能,将当前视窗放大5倍显示,命令行操作如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_57_16.jpg?sign=1738849206-F53oROZeyB6xTXCKANFQyIVbRPTXV9jS-0-7f324df54caefbc7ef9b92bf3c8cad3a)
Step 03 在状态栏上的按钮上单击右键,从弹出的快捷菜单中选择“正在追踪设置”选项,打开“草图设置”对话框。展开“极轴追踪”选项卡,勾选“启用极轴追踪”复选框,并将当前的增量角设置为15°,如图2-62所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_1.jpg?sign=1738849206-jA9pF4XW9AAmTpUvM0UC2DfH9DIytBf8-0-fbce8b4f91eace657d6dd2e101586ca2)
图2-61 绘制效果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_2.jpg?sign=1738849206-JkTM31K2y5ncdL3iHUzf2nPRe2dNx9GD-0-41e03cb03393821d19eb36d3367b4f07)
图2-62 设置极轴追踪参数
技巧:
当设置了极轴角(增量角)并启用极轴追踪功能后,随着光标的移动,系统将在极轴角或其倍数方向上自动出现极轴追踪虚线,定位角度矢量。
Step 04 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合极轴追踪功能绘制外框轮廓线,命令行操作如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_4.jpg?sign=1738849206-X5qlZ8FaWKoCHGUBmFwBzsI1MsFONpWI-0-a31aa0064239a79ab0654482a4170c1f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_5.jpg?sign=1738849206-6oVYLP0EwePYTqamo2ZLC2bzcNc8JpaH-0-fa5de59f5b789b8f6f1770ca2a318da4)
图2-63 引出180°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_6.jpg?sign=1738849206-nCcIFzizmdl3YDsPgXmHReUFGr6HL6M1-0-4da28d5375e95cdb4cbbd2b1f62246f6)
图2-64 引出90°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_7.jpg?sign=1738849206-G5zFu848Ob6R6swTF0TBfcHdSK9w8luG-0-a3f71b2fd1574c36dd1591241b6b623e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_8.jpg?sign=1738849206-qb6HqLCk6NRcof7p70ADUscqB0i7XznD-0-4049ad48e93ef2a1b838f0c51647a4b4)
图2-65 引出45°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_58_9.jpg?sign=1738849206-iERI7QHJaRUfK64GzAwSslalDnwZ8eVM-0-8b9c123f11d7f7e42dceda555d91a2b7)
图2-66 引出315°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_1.jpg?sign=1738849206-eEoeZBcxROesbgCtwso4ym2RE9XWWp7T-0-1e74213fb7dee3f751044b03386bd929)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_2.jpg?sign=1738849206-2b6SNZvGZpkHs7hltXgmkso1nEG9Q0Vs-0-087e1a4a749ae1f1915a415293551495)
图2-67 引出45°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_3.jpg?sign=1738849206-S7NXwG0EMfgVBst0ZRh9tr2Rld5egMrE-0-18b2048ef290ab76bff4d98afedb50a9)
图2-68 引出135°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_4.jpg?sign=1738849206-y8oh8NtImvwxOi5Fpo4lxE6NXX8mahJ1-0-78c2f4772a582ee12992faca7b0c7dc7)
绘制结果如图2-71所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_5.jpg?sign=1738849206-AoBgHzTYgiLv0GAt86WKLqFpJOfhecA4-0-6834f9e49914a9dac5ecd1bac94e1671)
图2-69 引出0°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_6.jpg?sign=1738849206-zg7yqVkwQHdrXtGlIB8lwG6u3b8By07b-0-6213aeb576f2a127dfee5f85a0a3ba98)
图2-70 引出270°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_7.jpg?sign=1738849206-jjKzdjbuameObkxMSITxLfXJv7SQc67N-0-8552cf0d01931d3da2236c75b55dbbd4)
图2-71 绘制结果(1)
Step 05 按Enter键,重复执行“直线”命令,配合“捕捉自”和极轴追踪功能绘制内部的直角三角形,命令行操作如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_9.jpg?sign=1738849206-xoDhJiJVt5tXmymIRNqGmJcaPJgdyoSH-0-5d4cddbfaf9794c3985af1be98447370)
绘制结果如图2-74所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_10.jpg?sign=1738849206-hb3BEuhv5UDnlbsMNgAKP2S8CzhnVVww-0-f76ec9cf95e28e13b481ea3402be3fe2)
图2-72 引出90°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_11.jpg?sign=1738849206-3k8gPbDE1dzP05aSUjLrvo2KoWTYwdjU-0-a084f021ec8bb69b8a1af60b3c566c0c)
图2-73 引出330°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_59_12.jpg?sign=1738849206-czmMTlVNBqfcVImwM0qkMFCK5DUQktau-0-6d182577fed9b17bfe608f957e067ff4)
图2-74 绘制结果(2)
Step 06 按Enter键,重复执行“直线”命令,配合“捕捉自”和极轴追踪功能绘制内部的平行四边形,命令行操作如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_2.jpg?sign=1738849206-kZZxyvvOZ7HLwiZjjTRNlX8UZqPs2XDq-0-8b364de27e740195865c430599b2b89c)
小技巧
用户按住Ctrl键的同时单击右键,也可以打开临时捕捉菜单。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_3.jpg?sign=1738849206-4NJyPfrtNG9uJgkt1qoWjrU4Z2JnAfWF-0-11a15e0cae18be926ea2a96183374ce5)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_4.jpg?sign=1738849206-izSzpYnfTbJ5wkUaBBoQ2F4KU3R88WZ0-0-f6da85b3d05b7e347d01b49a019c7f29)
图2-75 定位基点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_5.jpg?sign=1738849206-UU7sDwXfmnrDbMG6LbUCxkrkoQGpu5tm-0-a912de153edcb90946c8a10d28686aee)
图2-76 引出45°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_6.jpg?sign=1738849206-dLIKfFKKfyTeo5Se1pvjExm6TkVn53H1-0-41b6c7483540a9e62028b209a19cb002)
图2-77 引出120°的极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_7.jpg?sign=1738849206-JFcYqadE6p2j4WlxuwNq6zLNSe7M0NDF-0-5be94480d18303b263b281d853f933dd)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_8.jpg?sign=1738849206-XYzMveT8ayB1bqVJJfr0D2xUeywdXo6b-0-126f06798e128fc3ad68d0506ae21c01)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/7A3FD1/17518673007511406/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39012_60_9.jpg?sign=1738849206-T5MFtHxhOwLsq5GrL9aG1wmsjZZNvheP-0-cc99d8814c7007aaca141f4f93da1bc6)
Step 07 单击“快速访问”工具栏→“保存”按钮,将图形另存为“上机实训二.dwg”。