五、结论

经济全球化使全球价值链处于不断的深化过程中，从制造业开始演化到服务业，出现了欧美主导下的高水平自贸区协定，在21世纪以来由于多边贸易谈判的停滞不前而显著增加。相对而言，中国签署的自贸区协定与同时期的欧美自贸区协定在贸易自由化的广度和深度方面尚有距离。

超过一半的全球自贸区协定处于“一带一路”沿线国家和地区，由于“一带一路”沿线国家在经济发展阶段、地缘政治等不同，因而这些自贸区协定无论在文本还是在贸易自由化程度方面存在着很大的差异，但美国、欧盟和俄罗斯等都在寻求不同的经济合作区域，建立高水平的自贸区协定。

我国与世界各国地区形成的自贸区协定起步相对比较晚，但是发展很快，已经形成的“一带一路”沿线区域的双边、区域贸易协定和正在谈判的自贸区协定将成为我国形成自贸区协定网络的重要组成部分。在“一带一路”沿线区域建设我国高水平自贸区，并不意味着标准越高越好，也不意味着完全跟随欧、美式自贸区，而是要结合我国构建开放型经济新体制的新要求，以全球价值链位置上移为目标，形成反映双边、区域经济发展阶段为特征的高标准自由贸易区网络。其建设的基本原则包括以全球价值链为导向原则、以点撬动面原则、差异性原则、议题的法律约束力原则和与国家治理能力相匹配原则，具体推进思路是，在空间上要建立多样性的双边、区域和诸边自贸区网络体系。

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